Gum grafting procedure

Further to your clinic appointment, this leaflet explains more about the procedure of soft tissue grafting and what it involves. If you have any further questions, please speak to the clinician caring for you.

Why do I need soft-tissue grafting?

Soft-tissue grafting is recommended when you have gum recession causing thin gum tissue that has left the root of a tooth exposed, or you’re at risk of root exposure due to recession. The procedure is meant to prevent further deterioration of the gums while improving the look of your smile. It is usually achieved using your own soft tissue, from elsewhere in your mouth, with a surgical procedure. The soft tissues in your mouth can be ‘thick’ or ‘thin’ gum which can affect the way your gums respond to treatment.

Gum recession can be caused by:

• aggressive brushing
• gum disease
• gum tissue that is naturally thin
• shape of the muscle and overlying tissues in the mouth (frenal attachments)
• the position of the tooth in the bone
• previous tooth loss

What is the advantage of thick gum tissue compared to thin?

• Thick gum tissue means that your gums will be more resistant to recession over time.
• Thick gum tissue helps to achieve good aesthetic results if you have a dental implant.

What will happen during a soft-tissue grafting procedure?

Prior to your procedure, your clinician will go over the specifics about the surgical process. The procedure usually takes one hour, and is made up of the following steps:

1. A local anaesthetic is applied to the surgical site(s).
2. Once numb, the existing gum tissue is loosened to create room for the graft.
3. Gum tissue is taken from a healthy site in your mouth.
4. The grafting material is placed under the gum tissue at the grafting site and secured with a protective covering.
5. The procedure is complete - stitches are inserted. Stitches will either dissolve or be removed by your doctor at a follow up appointment in 7 to 21 days.
6. Allow a few weeks to a few months for healing, depending on each individual case.

What are the potential benefits of soft-tissue grafting?

Soft-tissue grafting has been an effective method for repairing and recreating lost gum tissue for decades. Over time, techniques and materials have steadily improved.

Benefits may include:

• prevention or reduction of sensitivity by covering the exposed root
• facilitating your own home cleaning
• minimising the risk of further recession
• protection from future decay in your teeth
• symmetry in your gum line, creating a better smile and aesthetics
• creation of a suitable environment for implant placement if required as a separate procedure.

What are the potential risks of soft tissue-grafting?

Following the procedure, it is normal to experience some pain and discomfort. This can be controlled with simple painkillers. You may also experience some swelling and bruising but this will get better within the first 1-2 weeks of the procedure.

Risks could include:

• bleeding from the operative sites
• infection
• swelling
• changes in gum appearance such as an uneven gum line
• the need for further surgery

Alternative procedures will be discussed with you by your clinician on an individual basis

How can I look after my gums after the procedure?

Following your procedure, it will still be very important to look after the health of your gums. The use of a soft toothbrush cleaning effectively yet gently around the tooth and avoiding abrasive toothpastes is advised. Our department will arrange follow up appointments as appropriate for your case however having a regular general dentist for routine check-ups is very important.